Types of circuit breakers

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It is a device with manual or automatic control, one of whose roles is to protect the installation against overloads and short circuits.

it is composed:

*several contacts with high breaking capacity.

*d a thermal release .

*d an electromagnetic release (coil with plunger or armature).

its operation is simple; the automatic opening of its contacts with high breaking capacity is carried out:

*by action of the thermal release in the event of an overload.

*by action of the electromagnetic release in the event of a short-circuit.

- it is valid protection for all control and power circuits, but the major drawback lies in its high cost price.

isolate a circuit.

Ensuring and adapting the thermal, magnetic and differential protection of a circuit or receiver by adding a trip device and breaking or breaking a circuit

NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS:

TENSION:

The nominal voltage of the circuit breaker must be at least equal to the voltage between phases

of the network.

PERMANENT CURRENT:

It is the intensity of the current in amperes which circulates in the network on which the circuit breaker

is installed. The caliber of the circuit breaker must be greater than the permanent current

but less than the current admissible by this same network.

The permanent current is to be determined for an ambient temperature of 20 "C.

ACCEPTABLE CURRENT:

This is the maximum current in amperes that the network can withstand permanently

according to certain installation criteria. (Tables Fig. 6 and Z § 6.1.6.).

  SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT:

(breaking capacity)

The breaking capacity of the circuit breaker must be at least equal to the three-phase short-circuit current likely to occur at the place where it is installed.

If the prospective short-circuit current is limited by a protective device located upstream, the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker can be reduced to a certain extent.

report (Filiation between circuit breakers § 20.20.)

FREQUENCY:

The normal operating frequencies of circuit breakers are between 50

and 60Hz.

NUMBER OF POLES:

It depends on the neutral system and the desired function (protection, control, type of

receivers, sectioning, etc.).

CONNECTION DIAGRAMS:

Au reRre Regime ïT;TN or lT

(Chapter a.)

  TYPES OF PROTECTION ASSOCIATED WITH CIRCUIT BREAKERS:

  PROTECTION AGAINST INDIRECT CONTACTS:

In TT mode, it is ensured by a residual current differential device (RCD).

In the TN and lï regime, it is ensured by the protection devices against short circuits; the setting current of these devices determines the maximum length of the

cables according to their section (NFC 15-100).

SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION:

Magnetic trigger setting determines maximum cable length

protected according to their section (NFC 16-100).

In the event of a short circuit, the circuit breaker must only let through energy less than

that which the cable can support.

OVERLOAD PROTECTION:

It depends on the type of receiver (motor, transformer, etc.)

The setting of the thermal release or the inverse time static relay integrated in the

circuit breaker provides this protection.

     Q1: bipolar differential circuit breaker.

Q2: differential circuit breaker PN.

         Q7: four-pole differential circuit breaker.

       Q8: four-pole differential circuit breaker.

          Q9: bipolar differential sect circuit breaker.

 Q10: PN sect disj.

   Q11: four-pole differential sect breaker.

Q12: single pole circuit breaker.

     Q13 three-pole differential circuit breaker.

     Q14: three-pole differential circuit breaker.

  Q15: three-pole differential sect breaker .

Q16: bipolar sect breaker.

Q17: single pole sect breaker.

Q18 bipolar differential circuit breaker.

Q19: bipolar differential sect breaker.

Q20: bipolar circuit breaker.

Q21: bipolar sect breaker.

Q22: four-pole differential circuit breaker

Circuit breaker type:

According to different criteria, there are different types of circuit breaker.

According to their arc extinguishing media the circuit breaker can be divided:

Oil circuit breaker.

Air circuit breaker.

SF6 circuit breaker.

Vacuum circuit breaker.

According to their services the circuit breaker can be divided:

Outdoor circuit breaker

Indoor circuit breaker.

According to the circuit breaker actuation mechanism they can be divided:

Spring operated circuit breaker.

Pneumatic circuit breaker.

Hydraulic circuit breaker.

Depending on the level of voltage installation circuit breaker types are designated:

High voltage circuit breaker.

Medium voltage circuit breaker.

Low voltage circuit breaker.

 

It is a device with manual or automatic control, one of whose roles is to protect the installation against overloads and short circuits.

it is composed:

*several contacts with high breaking capacity.

*d a thermal release .

*d an electromagnetic release (coil with plunger or armature).

its operation is simple; the automatic opening of its contacts with high breaking capacity is carried out:

*by action of the thermal release in the event of an overload.

*by action of the electromagnetic release in the event of a short-circuit.

- it is valid protection for all control and power circuits, but the major drawback lies in its high cost price.

isolate a circuit.

Ensuring and adapting the thermal, magnetic and differential protection of a circuit or receiver by adding a trip device and breaking or breaking a circuit

NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS:

TENSION:

The nominal voltage of the circuit breaker must be at least equal to the voltage between phases

of the network.

PERMANENT CURRENT:

It is the intensity of the current in amperes which circulates in the network on which the circuit breaker

is installed. The caliber of the circuit breaker must be greater than the permanent current

but less than the current admissible by this same network.

The permanent current is to be determined for an ambient temperature of 20 "C.

ACCEPTABLE CURRENT:

This is the maximum current in amperes that the network can withstand permanently

according to certain installation criteria. (Tables Fig. 6 and Z § 6.1.6.).

  SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT:

(breaking capacity)

The breaking capacity of the circuit breaker must be at least equal to the three-phase short-circuit current likely to occur at the place where it is installed.

If the prospective short-circuit current is limited by a protective device located upstream, the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker can be reduced to a certain extent.

report (Filiation between circuit breakers § 20.20.)

FREQUENCY:

The normal operating frequencies of circuit breakers are between 50

and 60Hz.

NUMBER OF POLES:

It depends on the neutral system and the desired function (protection, control, type of

receivers, sectioning, etc.).

CONNECTION DIAGRAMS:

Au reRre Regime ïT;TN or lT

(Chapter a.)

  TYPES OF PROTECTION ASSOCIATED WITH CIRCUIT BREAKERS:

  PROTECTION AGAINST INDIRECT CONTACTS:

In TT mode, it is ensured by a residual current differential device (RCD).

In the TN and lï regime, it is ensured by the protection devices against short circuits; the setting current of these devices determines the maximum length of the

cables according to their section (NFC 15-100).

SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION:

Magnetic trigger setting determines maximum cable length

protected according to their section (NFC 16-100).

In the event of a short circuit, the circuit breaker must only let through energy less than

that which the cable can support.

OVERLOAD PROTECTION:

It depends on the type of receiver (motor, transformer, etc.)

The setting of the thermal release or the inverse time static relay integrated in the

circuit breaker provides this protection.

     Q1: bipolar differential circuit breaker.

Q2: differential circuit breaker PN.

         Q7: four-pole differential circuit breaker.

       Q8: four-pole differential circuit breaker.

          Q9: bipolar differential sect circuit breaker.

 Q10: PN sect disj.

   Q11: four-pole differential sect breaker.

Q12: single pole circuit breaker.

     Q13 three-pole differential circuit breaker.

     Q14: three-pole differential circuit breaker.

  Q15: three-pole differential sect breaker .

Q16: bipolar sect breaker.

Q17: single pole sect breaker.

Q18 bipolar differential circuit breaker.

Q19: bipolar differential sect breaker.

Q20: bipolar circuit breaker.

Q21: bipolar sect breaker.

Q22: four-pole differential circuit breaker

Circuit breaker type:

According to different criteria, there are different types of circuit breaker.

According to their arc extinguishing media the circuit breaker can be divided:

Oil circuit breaker.

Air circuit breaker.

SF6 circuit breaker.

Vacuum circuit breaker.

According to their services the circuit breaker can be divided:

Outdoor circuit breaker

Indoor circuit breaker.

According to the circuit breaker actuation mechanism they can be divided:

Spring operated circuit breaker.

Pneumatic circuit breaker.

Hydraulic circuit breaker.

Depending on the level of voltage installation circuit breaker types are designated:

High voltage circuit breaker.

Medium voltage circuit breaker.

Low voltage circuit breaker.